Raku Documentation
routine gist
Documentation for routine gist assembled from the following types:
class Map
From Map
(Map) method gist
Defined as:
method gist(Map: --> Str)
Returns the string containing the "gist" of the Map, sorts the pairs and lists up to the first 100, appending an ellipsis if the Map has more than 100 pairs.
class IO::Handle
From IO::Handle
(IO::Handle) method gist
Defined as:
method gist(IO::Handle: --> Str)
Returns a string containing information which .path, if any, the handle is created for and whether it is .opened.
say IO::Handle.new; # IO::Handle<(Any)>(closed)say "foo".IO.open; # IO::Handle<"foo".IO>(opened)
class IO::Notification::Change
(IO::Notification::Change) method gist
Defined as:
multi method gist(IO::Notification::Change:)
Returns the path and event attributes, separated by semicolon.
class IO::Path
From IO::Path
(IO::Path) method gist
Defined as:
method gist(IO::Path: --> Str)
Returns a string, part of which contains either the value of .absolute (if path is absolute) or .path. Note that no escaping of special characters is made, so e.g. "\b" means a path contains a backslash and letter "b", not a backspace.
say "foo/bar".IO; # OUTPUT: «"foo/bar".IO»say IO::Path::Win32.new: ｢C:\foo/bar\｣; # OUTPUT: «"C:\foo/bar\".IO»
class Junction
From Junction
(Junction) method gist
Defined as:
multi method gist(Junction:)
Collapses the Junction and returns a Str composed of the type of the junction and the gists of its components:
<a 42 c>.all.say; # OUTPUT: «all(a, 42, c)»
class Attribute
From Attribute
(Attribute) method gist
Defined as
multi method gist(Attribute:)
Returns the name of the type followed by the name of the attribute.
say Hero.^attributes(:local)[0]; # OUTPUT: «Positional @!inventory»
Since say implicitly calls .gist, that is what produces the output here.
class List
From List
(List) method gist
Defined as:
multi method gist(List: --> Str)
Returns the string containing the parenthesized "gist" of the List, listing up to the first 100 elements, separated by space, appending an ellipsis if the List has more than 100 elements. If List is-lazy, returns string '(...)'
put (1, 2, 3).gist; # OUTPUT: «(1 2 3)»put (1..∞).List.gist; # OUTPUT: «(...)»put (1..200).List.gist;# OUTPUT:# (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26# 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49# 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72# 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95# 96 97 98 99 100 ...)
role Systemic
From Systemic
(Systemic) method gist
method gist( Systemic: )
Instance method returning the name and version of the object.
say .gist; # OUTPUT: «Raku (6.d)»
$*RAKU is an object of the Raku type, which mixes in this role and thus implements this method.
class Nil
From Nil
(Nil) method gist
method gist(--> Str)
Returns "Nil".
class Mu
From Mu
(Mu) routine gist
multi sub gist(+args --> Str)multi method gist( --> Str)
Returns a string representation of the invocant, optimized for fast recognition by humans. As such lists will be truncated at 100 elements. Use .raku to get all elements.
The default gist method in Mu re-dispatches to the raku method for defined invocants, and returns the type name in parenthesis for type object invocants. Many built-in classes override the case of instances to something more specific that may truncate output.
gist is the method that say calls implicitly, so say $something and say $something.gist generally produce the same output.
say Mu.gist; # OUTPUT: «(Mu)»say Mu.new.gist; # OUTPUT: «Mu.new»
role Blob
From Blob
(Blob) method gist
Defined as:
method gist(Blob: --> Str)
Returns the string containing the "gist" of the Blob, listing up to the first 100 elements, separated by space, appending an ellipsis if the Blob has more than 100 elements.
put Blob.new(1, 2, 3).gist; # OUTPUT: «Blob:0x<01 02 03>»put Blob.new(1..2000).gist;# OUTPUT:# Blob:0x<01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10 11 12 13 14 15# 16 17 18 19 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E 1F 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 2A 2B 2C# 2D 2E 2F 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 3A 3B 3C 3D 3E 3F 40 41 42 43# 44 45 46 47 48 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 4F 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 5A# 5B 5C 5D 5E 5F 60 61 62 63 64 ...>
class Complex
From Complex
(Complex) method gist
Defined as:
method gist(Complex: --> Str)
Returns a string representation of the form "1+2i", without internal spaces. (Str coercion also returns this.)
say (1-4i).gist; # OUTPUT: «1-4i»
class ForeignCode
From ForeignCode
(ForeignCode) method gist
method gist( ForeignCode: )
Returns the name of the code by calling name.
class Date
From Date
(Date) method gist
Defined as:
multi method gist(Date: --> Str)
Returns the date in YYYY-MM-DD format (ISO 8601)
say Date.new('2015-12-24').gist; # OUTPUT: «2015-12-24»
class Version
From Version
(Version) method gist
method gist(Version: --> Str)
Returns a string representation of the invocant, just like Str, prepended with a lower-case v.
my = v1.0.1;my = Version.new('1.0.1');say .gist; # OUTPUT: «v1.0.1»say .gist; # OUTPUT: «v1.0.1»
class Array
From Array
(Array) method gist
Exactly the same as List.gist, except using square brackets for surrounding delimiters.
class Exception
From Exception
(Exception) method gist
Defined as:
multi method gist(Exception:)
Returns whatever the exception printer should produce for this exception. The default implementation returns message and backtrace separated by a newline.
my = X::AdHoc.new(payload => "This exception is pretty bad");try .throw;if ($!) ;# OUTPUT: «This exception is pretty bad# in block <unit> at <unknown file> line 1»
role Sequence
From Sequence
(Sequence) method gist
multi method gist(::?CLASS:)
Returns the gist of the cached sequence.
class Backtrace
From Backtrace
(Backtrace) method gist
Defined as:
multi method gist(Backtrace:)
Returns string "Backtrace(42 frames)" where the number indicates the number of frames available via list method.
class Submethod
From Submethod
(Submethod) method gist
Defined as:
multi method gist(Submethod:)
Returns the name of the submethod.